The speechwriting techniques(转载)

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The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker, with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate, knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with conviction.
　　演讲的成功往往是由于演讲者的技能。所以优点被给予自信，吐字清楚，有知识，能够自信地表达演讲的演讲者。
　　But often it is not the speakers who write these moving speeches, it is a speechwriter. And one industry in which this practise is common is that of politics. So what does it take to be a political speechwriter。
　　但往往这不是演讲者写这些发言稿，而是撰稿人。那么，怎样才能成为一个政治撰稿人？
　　Well according to a recent job advertisement from the US Embassy in Britain, a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, be detail oriented and able to demonstrate a deep knowledge of their subject. They must also work closely with speakers and be able to relate to their style.根据最近的招聘广告（美国驻英使馆），一个政治撰稿人需要有特殊的人际沟通技巧，注重细节，并能够表现出深入了解他们的主题。他们还必须与发言者紧密合作。
　　Some believe that the best speechwriters have an inherent talent, a natural creative instinct, and that speechwriting is an art form.
　　有些人认为，最好的撰稿人有一种固有的才能，自然创作的本能，而且撰稿是一种艺术形式。
　　So what about those of us who do not possess such genius? Can we still produce successful speeches?
　　那么，我们这些不具备这样的天才的人？我们还可以成功地演讲吗？
　　In an interview with the BBC, Dr Max Atkinson (a communications specialist) outlined a number of speechwriting techniques. He also illustrated how these techniques have been used in historic speeches.
　　在接受英国广播公司采访时，马克斯@阿特金森博士（通信专业）概述了一些撰稿技术。他还说明了这些技术是如何用于历史性的演讲中的。
　　One such technique is introducing contrast. This is extremely useful when presenting a positive spin on a negative issue.
　　这样的技巧之一是对比。这是非常有用的。
　　 One of the most famous examples of this can be seen in a speech given by former American President John F Kennedy: "Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country."
　　 这其中最著名的例子可以在美国前总统约翰@肯尼迪的一次演讲中看出来： “不要问你的国家能为你做什么，而是你可以为你的国家做什么。 ”
　　Another technique is the use of three-part lists. Dr Atkinson explains that this can be an excellent way of adding finality or confirming a statement. Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair was a fan of this technique. One of his most famous campaign slogans was "education, education, education".
　　另一种方法是使用由三部分组成的列表。阿特金森博士解释说，这可以成为一个出色的润色或确认声明的方法。英国前首相托尼@布莱尔这种技术的崇拜者。他的一个最有名的竞选口号是“教育，教育，教育” 。
　　 These techniques can be used like tools – they can be chosen from a toolbox and applied as necessary. A few other techniques you might find in a speechwriter’s toolbox might be the use of imagery, anecdotes and alliteration.
　　这些技术可以像工具一样被应用-它们可以从工具箱中被选出，在必要时间应用。其他一些可能会在一个撰稿人的工具箱中发现的，可能是可以使用图像，轶事和头韵。
　　So next time you have to prepare a speech or presentation, try applying one or more of these techniques and see if you have what it takes to be a winning speechwriter.
　　因此，下一次你必须准备的演讲或演示，请尝试使用一个或多个这样的技术，看看您是否能成为一个成功的演讲撰稿人。